Executive Summary: Power Query vs. Functions in Excel: When to Use Each? Power Query and Excel functions don't compete: they solve different problems. Dynamic array functions like FILTER or SELECTCOLS work in real time within cells, ideal for fast and flexible analysis. Power Query, on the other hand, transforms data as a process: it loads, cleans, and structures information without relying on constant recalculation. In simple scenarios, both work equally well. But when data